Gynecology and Obstetrics

• Hormonal contraceptives are among the safest & most effective medications prescribed. • Hormonal contraceptives all include a progestin that...

1. Permanent. Intended to provide life-long, permanent, and very effective protection against pregnancy. Reversal is usually not possible. 2. Involves...

Intra-uterine device (IUD) is The most commonly used effective and safe method among contraceptive methods.  Made of plastic material...

- Male condom, female condom, diaphragm, & spermicidal are barrier methods. - Used with every act of sexual intercourse. -...

(1) Coitus interruptus: Ejaculation outside vagina by withdrawal of male organ. (2) Coitus interfemora: Male organ is kept between the...

Family planning and contraception definition : Prevention of unplanned pregnancies by various methods other than abstinence. Methods of contraception: I. Physiologic...

ncidence: 10 % of cases of infertility. Unexplained Infertility causes : A. Most important causes are: 1. Occult infection by...

  1. Artificial insemination:  Indications: A. Male causes: a) Failure of deposition of semen e.g. hypospadius. b) Oligospermia. c)...

Abnormal frequency: • Too frequent intercourse: sperms are immature (no time for maturation). • Too infrequent intercourse: not coincide with...

Peritoneal factor infertility:  Causes: the most important are endometriosis & chronic salpingitis.  Mechanism: (both affect the mechanism of...