DERMOID CYSTS (Definition - Pathogenesis - Clinical Picture - Complication- Treatment

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DERMOID CYSTS (Definition - Pathogenesis - Clinical Picture - Complication- Treatment

DERMOID CYSTS
Definition:
Ø Cysts which may be formed in S.C tissue from only dermal elements (lined by stratified squamous epithelium).
Ø If mesodermal elements are present hence called teratodermoids as in ovary & testis.
Ø If arising from embryonic tracks e.g. thyroglossal cyst & branchial cyst, then called tubulodermoid.
Types:
[1] Sequestration dermoids:
Ø Due to sequestration of a part of skin at deeper S.C. level at the sites of fusion during development.
Ø Although congenital in origin it may appear late.
- Common sites: "Lines of fusion".
1- Midline of the body.
2- Outer angle of the orbit "Commonest" [Ext. angular D.].
3- Nasolabial fold & pre - auricular region.
Ø The cyst contain seb. material and hairs.
Ø It is not attached to skin but may be attached to underlying tissues by fibrosis.
Ø Dermoid cysts in the head may be connected to meanings by fibrous connection.
Ø Dermoid cysts over bone may cause indentation of the bone.
[II] Implantation dermoids:
Ø Due to puncture wound driving part of skin to S.C tissues.
Ø Common sites: fingers, palms, leg & cornea.
Ø Sometimes the epidermis is implanted alone  epidermoid cyst which does not contain hairs.
Treatment: Surgical excision.

SOURCE: Prof. AYMAN SALEM'S BOOK
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